基于改进SOA-VMD的磁声发射信号去噪算法

磁声发射（MAE）是铁磁性材料磁化过程中产生的声发射信号，在构件应力检测和微观损伤检测中有着广泛的应用。针对MAE信号非稳态、复杂性、衰减性等特点，提出海鸥算法结合变分模态分解（SOA-VMD）的去噪方法，为克服海鸥算法求解过程中易陷入局部最优解问题，利用柯西变异算子产生随机迭代过程，使改进算法即柯西变异海欧算法（CVSOA）跳出早熟收敛。采用以幅值谱熵为适应度函数，优化VMD算法中分解模态个数K和二次惩戒因子α两个参数，将含噪声的MAE信号进行VMD分解重构。经仿真信号和实际检测信号分析表明，改进后的CVSOA-VMD算法全局寻优能力和去噪性能优于传统的SOA-VMD算法，降噪后的MAE信号特征值对于不同应力下均方根、偏斜度特征值的重复性更好，可靠性更高。     

特低渗砂岩油藏CO2-低界面张力黏弹流体协同驱油机理研究

目的特低渗油藏储层物性差、层间非均质性强,造成CO₂驱易发生气窜,提高采收率效果欠佳,其中,CO₂水气交替驱作为结合CO₂驱和水驱优势的方法,具有较高的适用性。为进一步改善CO₂-水交替驱的开发效果,开展了CO₂-低界面张力黏弹流体协同驱油研究。 方法通过界面张力和润湿性能测试评价低界面张力黏弹流体基本性能,并利用微观可视化驱油实验及岩心驱油实验等,探究了不同驱替方式的驱油效果和CO₂-低界面张力黏弹流体协同驱油过程中二者之间的“协同作用”机理。 结果低界面张力黏弹流体具备良好的界面活性和改变岩石表面润湿性能力,水驱后开展CO₂驱、低界面张力黏弹流体驱、CO₂-低界面张力黏弹流体交替协同驱,采收率可在水驱基础上分别提高0.91%、10.66%、16.25%,其提高采收率机理包括降低界面张力、改善流度比、改变岩石表面润湿性及乳化作用的协同效应等。 结论CO₂-低界面张力黏弹流体协同驱既可有效增强非均质特低渗砂岩油藏注CO₂过程中气体流动性控制,又能够降低CO₂萃取轻烃导致重质组分沉积的影响,具有协同增效作用。      

服装品牌代言人对消费者品牌关系质量的影响

以代言人与服装品牌匹配度为研究视角,基于刺激-机体-反应理论,探究代言人与服装品牌个性匹配度对消费者品牌关系质量的影响机制.通过线上线下相结合的方式收集有效调研问卷460份,运用结构方程模型分析发现:代言人与服装品牌个性匹配度对消费者品牌关系质量有正向影响;消费者心理归因在影响过程中起中介作用;产品卷入度是代言人与服装品牌个性匹配度对消费者品牌关系质量产生影响的边界条件;研究成果对服装企业新媒体营销、品牌广告设计和品牌关系管理具有借鉴意义.     

Measuring the disparity among scientific disciplines using Library of Congress Subject Headings

Scientometrics - Examining the relationships among scientific disciplines is important today, but existing methods are limited by the contents and structure of their bibliographic databases. We...     

Flow field simulation and pressure drop modeling by a porous medium in PEM fuel cells

For proton-exchange membrane fuel cells, the distribution of reactant flow in the stack is critical to the fuel cell's efficiency. The uneven distribution of reactant flow in the stack may cause poor current density, low performance, and material degradation. To understand and accurately predict the flow field in the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell system, the present study aims to develop a simple correlation to analyze the pressure drop in fuel cell stacks. The flow channel in each cell of a stack is treated as a porous medium, and a power-law model is used to approximate the porous medium momentum source term. For the stacks with fewer cell numbers, namely, 1, 5, and 10 cells, the parameters in the power law are established based on the experimental data. Then, a correlation is developed to simulate the flow and predict the pressure drop in the stack with higher cell numbers (ie, 20 and 40 cells). The simulations show that the pressure drop in each cell of a stack is almost invariable, and the average pressure drop decreases with increasing the number of cells. The flow uniformity in the stacks with different cell numbers is evaluated using the dimensionless pressure drop and the pressure drop ratios. It suggests that the lower the cell number, the more uniform the pressure drop. The developed model is conducive to efficiently designing the flow channel for a fuel cell stack with large cell numbers.     

Effects of multiple freeze–thaw cycles on meat quality,nutrients, water distribution and microstructure in bovine rumen smooth muscle

This study investigated the effect of 5 freeze–thaw cycles (freezing at −18°C for 12 h and then thawing at 4°C for approximately 12 h) on the meat quality, proximate composition, water distribution and microstructure of bovine rumen smooth muscle (BSM). As the number of freeze–thaw cycles increased, BSM pH, shear force, water content and protein content decreased by 3.06%, 35.50%, 14.49% and 21.11%, respectively, whereas BSM thawing loss, cooking loss, pressing loss, total aerobic count (TAC), ash content and fat content increased by 108.12%, 47.75%, 78.33%, 90.99%, 105% and 35.20%, respectively. The freeze–thaw cycles resulted in greater protein and lipid oxidation, as evidenced by a 36.46% reduction in the sulfhydryl content and a 209.06% and 338.46% increase in the carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents, respectively. Ice crystal formation disrupted the structural integrity of the muscle tissue. Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance results showed that the freeze–thaw cycles prolonged the relaxation times (T_2b, T₂₁ and T₂₂), indicating that immobile water shifted to free water, and consequently, free water mobility increased. After 3 freeze–thaw cycles, the decline in shear force slowed, the increase in thawing loss became accelerated, and the TAC approached the domain value (6 log colony-forming units/g). Therefore, the number of freeze–thaw cycles of smooth muscle during transport, storage and distribution should be controlled to 3 or fewer. The current results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the further utilisation and culinary processing of smooth muscle.     

Ferulic acid and EGCG alter the structural characteristics of ovalbumin and its application in mineral loading

This study aims to fabricate mineral-loading nanocarriers using natural materials. The interaction patterns between ovalbumin (OVA) and four water-soluble polyphenols, namely ferulic acid (FA), (-)-Epigallo-catechin 3-gallate (EGCG), gallic acid (GA) and epicatechin (EC), were investigated. Results showed that the optimised conditions for preparing stable OVA–polyphenol complexes are at the OVA–polyphenol ratio of 4:1 at pH 6, under which OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG showed the highest stability and mineral-loading capacity among four OVA–polyphenol complexes. The fluorescence results indicated that the addition of EGCG and FA induced a significant fluorescence quenching to OVA. The interaction between OVA and polyphenols involved hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis suggested that both FA and EGCG enhanced the stability and orderliness of the structure of OVA. The transmission electron microscopy images also exhibited the spherical structure of OVA after the addition of FA and EGCG. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectrum results suggested that OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG complexes were better mineral carriers than OVA–GA and OVA–EC. This study may serve as the theoretical support for the promising application of OVA in the fabrication of mineral-loading nanocarriers in functional food and pharmaceutic.